Contrastive Language-Image Pre-trained (CLIP) models have zero-shot ability of classifying an image belonging to "[CLASS]" by using similarity between the image and the prompt sentence "a [CONTEXT] of [CLASS]". Based on exhaustive text cues in "[CONTEXT]", CLIP model is aware of different contexts, e.g. background, style, viewpoint, and exhibits unprecedented robustness against a wide range of distribution shifts. However, recent works find further fine-tuning of CLIP models improves accuracy but sacrifices the robustness on downstream tasks. We conduct an empirical investigation to show fine-tuning will corrupt the context-aware ability of pre-trained CLIP features. To solve this problem, we propose Context-Aware Robust Fine-tuning (CAR-FT). CAR-FT regularizes the model during fine-tuning to capture the context information. Specifically, we use zero-shot prompt weights to get the context distribution contained in the image. By minimizing the Kullback-Leibler Divergence (KLD) between context distributions induced by original/fine-tuned CLIP models, CAR-FT makes the context-aware ability of CLIP inherited into downstream tasks, and achieves both higher In-Distribution (ID) and Out-Of-Distribution (OOD) accuracy. The experimental results show CAR-FT achieves superior robustness on five OOD test datasets of ImageNet, and meanwhile brings accuracy gains on nine downstream tasks. Additionally, CAR-FT surpasses previous Domain Generalization (DG) methods and gets 78.5% averaged accuracy on DomainBed benchmark, building the new state-of-the-art.

本文回顾了AIM 2022上压缩图像和视频超级分辨率的挑战。这项挑战包括两条曲目。轨道1的目标是压缩图像的超分辨率，轨迹〜2靶向压缩视频的超分辨率。在轨道1中，我们使用流行的数据集DIV2K作为培训，验证和测试集。在轨道2中，我们提出了LDV 3.0数据集，其中包含365个视频，包括LDV 2.0数据集（335个视频）和30个其他视频。在这一挑战中，有12支球队和2支球队分别提交了赛道1和赛道2的最终结果。所提出的方法和解决方案衡量了压缩图像和视频上超分辨率的最先进。提出的LDV 3.0数据集可在https://github.com/renyang-home/ldv_dataset上找到。此挑战的首页是在https://github.com/renyang-home/aim22_compresssr。

随着3D建模软件和游戏引擎的最新模拟进展，许多研究人员专注于在虚拟环境中体现AI任务。但是，研究社区缺乏一个可以轻松地为室内场景合成和使用各种算法进行基准测试的平台。同时，与计算机图形相关的任务需要一个工具包来实现高级合成技术。为了促进室内场景构建方法及其潜在的机器人技术应用的研究，我们介绍了Inoorkit：Nvidia Omniverse的内置工具包，为室内场景构建，场景随机化和动画控制提供灵活的管道。此外，在动画软件Inoorkit中将Python编码相结合，可以帮助研究人员创建实时培训，控制化身和机器人技术。该工具包的源代码可从https://github.com/realvcla/vrkitchen2.0-tutorial获得，并且该教程以及工具包可在https://vrkitchen20-tutorial.readthedocs.io/en/上获得。

基于标记的关系三重提取方法最近引起了日益增长的研究。然而，大多数这些方法采用单向提取框架，首先提取所有受试者，然后基于提取的受试者同时提取物体和关系。该框架具有明显的缺陷，即对受试者的提取结果太敏感。为了克服这种缺陷，我们提出了一种基于双向提取框架的方法，该方法基于从两个互补方向提取的实体对提取三维。具体地，我们首先从两个平行方向提取所有可能的主题对象对。这两个提取方向通过共享编码器组件连接，因此从一个方向的提取特征可以流到另一个方向，反之亦然。通过这种方式，两个方向的提取可以促进和相互补充。接下来，我们通过双重模型分配每个实体对的所有可能的关系。在培训期间，我们观察到股份结构将导致融合率不一致问题，这是对绩效有害的。因此，我们提出了一个享有意识的学习机制来解决它。我们在多个基准数据集中评估所提出的模型。广泛的实验结果表明，所提出的模型非常有效，它在所有这些数据集中实现了最先进的结果。此外，实验表明，所提出的双向提取框架和股感的学习机制都具有良好的适应性，可用于改善基于标记的其他标记的方法的性能。我们工作的源代码可用于：https：//github.com/neukg/birte。

社区检测是指将网络的节点（图形或超rah）聚类为组的问题。各种算法可用于社区检测，并且所有这些方法都适用于未经审查的网络。在实践中，网络可能已经审查（或丢失）值，并且示出了对网络的结构特性具有不可忽略的影响。在本文中，我们研究了从信息 - 理论的观点中审查了C博斯福达M $的群体检测。我们派生了信息理论阈值以确切恢复社区结构。此外，我们提出了一种多项式 - 时间算法来完全恢复到阈值的社区结构。所提出的算法包括光谱算法以及细化步骤。研究是否没有细化的单谱算法是否达到阈值也很有意思。为此，我们还探讨了半定放松算法并分析了其性能。

Unlike traditional distributed machine learning, federated learning stores data locally for training and then aggregates the models on the server, which solves the data security problem that may arise in traditional distributed machine learning. However, during the training process, the transmission of model parameters can impose a significant load on the network bandwidth. It has been pointed out that the vast majority of model parameters are redundant during model parameter transmission. In this paper, we explore the data distribution law of selected partial model parameters on this basis, and propose a deep hierarchical quantization compression algorithm, which further compresses the model and reduces the network load brought by data transmission through the hierarchical quantization of model parameters. And we adopt a dynamic sampling strategy for the selection of clients to accelerate the convergence of the model. Experimental results on different public datasets demonstrate the effectiveness of our algorithm.

Image Super-Resolution (SR) is essential for a wide range of computer vision and image processing tasks. Investigating infrared (IR) image (or thermal images) super-resolution is a continuing concern within the development of deep learning. This survey aims to provide a comprehensive perspective of IR image super-resolution, including its applications, hardware imaging system dilemmas, and taxonomy of image processing methodologies. In addition, the datasets and evaluation metrics in IR image super-resolution tasks are also discussed. Furthermore, the deficiencies in current technologies and possible promising directions for the community to explore are highlighted. To cope with the rapid development in this field, we intend to regularly update the relevant excellent work at \url{https://github.com/yongsongH/Infrared_Image_SR_Survey

In recent years, vision-centric perception has flourished in various autonomous driving tasks, including 3D detection, semantic map construction, motion forecasting, and depth estimation. Nevertheless, the latency of vision-centric approaches is too high for practical deployment (e.g., most camera-based 3D detectors have a runtime greater than 300ms). To bridge the gap between ideal research and real-world applications, it is necessary to quantify the trade-off between performance and efficiency. Traditionally, autonomous-driving perception benchmarks perform the offline evaluation, neglecting the inference time delay. To mitigate the problem, we propose the Autonomous-driving StreAming Perception (ASAP) benchmark, which is the first benchmark to evaluate the online performance of vision-centric perception in autonomous driving. On the basis of the 2Hz annotated nuScenes dataset, we first propose an annotation-extending pipeline to generate high-frame-rate labels for the 12Hz raw images. Referring to the practical deployment, the Streaming Perception Under constRained-computation (SPUR) evaluation protocol is further constructed, where the 12Hz inputs are utilized for streaming evaluation under the constraints of different computational resources. In the ASAP benchmark, comprehensive experiment results reveal that the model rank alters under different constraints, suggesting that the model latency and computation budget should be considered as design choices to optimize the practical deployment. To facilitate further research, we establish baselines for camera-based streaming 3D detection, which consistently enhance the streaming performance across various hardware. ASAP project page: https://github.com/JeffWang987/ASAP.

Artificial intelligence is to teach machines to take actions like humans. To achieve intelligent teaching, the machine learning community becomes to think about a promising topic named machine teaching where the teacher is to design the optimal (usually minimal) teaching set given a target model and a specific learner. However, previous works usually require numerous teaching examples along with large iterations to guide learners to converge, which is costly. In this paper, we consider a more intelligent teaching paradigm named one-shot machine teaching which costs fewer examples to converge faster. Different from typical teaching, this advanced paradigm establishes a tractable mapping from the teaching set to the model parameter. Theoretically, we prove that this mapping is surjective, which serves to an existence guarantee of the optimal teaching set. Then, relying on the surjective mapping from the teaching set to the parameter, we develop a design strategy of the optimal teaching set under appropriate settings, of which two popular efficiency metrics, teaching dimension and iterative teaching dimension are one. Extensive experiments verify the efficiency of our strategy and further demonstrate the intelligence of this new teaching paradigm.

In this paper, we present a simple yet surprisingly effective technique to induce "selective amnesia" on a backdoored model. Our approach, called SEAM, has been inspired by the problem of catastrophic forgetting (CF), a long standing issue in continual learning. Our idea is to retrain a given DNN model on randomly labeled clean data, to induce a CF on the model, leading to a sudden forget on both primary and backdoor tasks; then we recover the primary task by retraining the randomized model on correctly labeled clean data. We analyzed SEAM by modeling the unlearning process as continual learning and further approximating a DNN using Neural Tangent Kernel for measuring CF. Our analysis shows that our random-labeling approach actually maximizes the CF on an unknown backdoor in the absence of triggered inputs, and also preserves some feature extraction in the network to enable a fast revival of the primary task. We further evaluated SEAM on both image processing and Natural Language Processing tasks, under both data contamination and training manipulation attacks, over thousands of models either trained on popular image datasets or provided by the TrojAI competition. Our experiments show that SEAM vastly outperforms the state-of-the-art unlearning techniques, achieving a high Fidelity (measuring the gap between the accuracy of the primary task and that of the backdoor) within a few minutes (about 30 times faster than training a model from scratch using the MNIST dataset), with only a small amount of clean data (0.1% of training data for TrojAI models).